network

netcat : NC(1) BSD General Commands Manual NC(1) nc — arbitrary TCP and UDP connections and listens
ping : 6 send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network hosts
nmcli : – commandline tool for controlling NetworkManager
telnet : user interface to the TELNET protocol
openssl : OpenSSL command line tool
sftp : secure file transfer program
...

shell

busybox : The Swiss Army Knife of Embedded Linux
gnome-terminal : is a terminal emulation application.
which : locate a command
fusermount : mount and unmount FUSE filesystems
watch : execute a program periodically, showing output fullscreen
locale : specific information.
...

filesystem

resize2fs : ext2/ext3/ext4 file system resizer
fsck : check and repair a Linux filesystem
chown : change file owner and group
passwd : change user password
mkfs : build a Linux filesystem
rename : renames multiple files
...

programming

strace : trace system calls and signals
MAKEDEV : create devices
busybox : The Swiss Army Knife of Embedded Linux
startpar : start runlevel scripts in parallel
ncurses5-config : helper script for ncurses libraries
ppmtosixel : convert a portable pixmap into DEC sixel format
...

file

mkfs.ext2 : create an ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem
egrep : , fgrep, rgrep print lines matching a pattern
hexdump : , hd ASCII, decimal, hexadecimal, octal dump
passwd : change user password
su : change user ID or become superuser
fsck.ext3 : check a Linux ext2/ext3/ext4 file system
...

graphic manipulation

start-stop-daemon : start and stop system daemon programs
gimp : an image manipulation and paint program.
mkntfs : create an NTFS file system
dvipos : compute positions in a DVI file
grap2graph : convert a grap diagram into a cropped bitmap image
rmsgmerge : Extract translatable string from given input ruby script files.
...

database

mysqlimport : a data import program
mysqld_safe : MySQL server startup script
myisam_ftdump : display full-text index information
pdb3.3 : the Python debugger
sha1sum : compute and check SHA1 message digest
loadunimap : load the kernel unicode-to-font mapping table
...

X

gnome-terminal : is a terminal emulation application.
xfreerdp : FreeRDP X11 client
nohup : run a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty
svlc : , nvlc, rvlc, cvlc the VLC media player
xsetpointer : set an X Input device as the main pointer
pdb3.3 : the Python debugger
...

package management

dh_auto_test : automatically runs a package’s test suites
loadunimap : load the kernel unicode-to-font mapping table
dpkg-shlibdeps : generate shared library substvar dependencies
dh_auto_build : automatically builds a package
dpkg-architecture : set and determine the architecture for package building
dh_installcron : install cron scripts into etc/cron.*
...

printer

ppdc : cups ppd compiler
ghostscript : Ghostscript (PostScript and PDF language interpreter and previewer)
loadunimap : load the kernel unicode-to-font mapping table
xmllint : command line XML tool
dvdrip : GUI for copying DVDs
iconv : Convert encoding of given files from one encoding to another
...

text manipulation

loadunimap : load the kernel unicode-to-font mapping table
awk : pattern scanning and processing language
dvdrip : GUI for copying DVDs
sha1sum : compute and check SHA1 message digest
nohup : run a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty
nl : number lines of files
...

privacy

passwd : change user password
kerneloops : program to collect and submit kernel oopses to kerneloops.org
loadunimap : load the kernel unicode-to-font mapping table
chroot : run command or interactive shell with special root directory
tor : The second-generation onion router
iconv : Convert encoding of given files from one encoding to another
...

sound manipulation

audacity : Graphical cross-platform audio editor
gst-launch-1.0 : build and run a GStreamer pipeline
avconv : avconv video converter
pdb3.3 : the Python debugger
sha1sum : compute and check SHA1 message digest
jack_evmon :
...

Access Control List

su : change user ID or become superuser
mkfs.vfat : create an MS-DOS file system under Linux
sha1sum : compute and check SHA1 message digest
loadunimap : load the kernel unicode-to-font mapping table
lame : create mp3 audio files
cweave : translate CWEB to C and/or TeX
...

file compression

pdb3.3 : the Python debugger
scp-dbus-service :
file-roller : archive manager for GNOME
lzcat : Compress or decompress .xz and .lzma files
airtun-ng : a virtual tunnel interface creator for aircrack-ng
nohup : run a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty
...

boot settings

dh_installppp : install ppp ip-up and ip-down files
kerneloops : program to collect and submit kernel oopses to kerneloops.org
cweave : translate CWEB to C and/or TeX
grub-mkimage : make a bootable image of GRUB
passwd : change user password
spd-conf : A simple tool for basic configuration of Speech Dispatcher and problem diagnostics
...

text editor

find : search for files in a directory hierarchy
spd-conf : A simple tool for basic configuration of Speech Dispatcher and problem diagnostics
nohup : run a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty
pgrep : , pkill look up or signal processes based on name and other attributes
passwd : change user password
start-stop-daemon : start and stop system daemon programs
...

webserver

a2ensite : enable or disable an apache2 site / virtual host
loadunimap : load the kernel unicode-to-font mapping table
pdb3.3 : the Python debugger
sha1sum : compute and check SHA1 message digest
nohup : run a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty
ping : 6 send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network hosts
...

font

sha1sum : compute and check SHA1 message digest
nohup : run a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty
lame : create mp3 audio files
start-stop-daemon : start and stop system daemon programs
iwlist : Get more detailed wireless information from a wireless interface
spd-conf : A simple tool for basic configuration of Speech Dispatcher and problem diagnostics
...

mail

lame : create mp3 audio files
loadunimap : load the kernel unicode-to-font mapping table
mimeopen : Open files by mimetype
lockfile-remove : command-line programs to safely lock and unlock files and mailboxes (via liblockfile).
spd-conf : A simple tool for basic configuration of Speech Dispatcher and problem diagnostics
nohup : run a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty
...

Media Player

lame : create mp3 audio files
start-stop-daemon : start and stop system daemon programs
amarok : The audio player for KDE
gst-xmllaunch-0.10 : build and run a GStreamer pipeline from an XML serialization
sha1sum : compute and check SHA1 message digest
nohup : run a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty
...

virtualization

ping : 6 send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network hosts
start-stop-daemon : start and stop system daemon programs
VBoxControl : x86 virtualization solution
spd-conf : A simple tool for basic configuration of Speech Dispatcher and problem diagnostics
nohup : run a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty
passwd : change user password
...

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