install
copy files and set attributes
Synopsis
install
[OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST
install [OPTION]... SOURCE...
DIRECTORY
install [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SOURCE...
install [OPTION]... -d DIRECTORY...
add an example, a script, a trick and tips
examples
source
make install INSTALL=${INSTALL_ROOT}/usr
source
Swap partition size for 4GB RAM
Is it still necessary to reserve a partition for swapping? I
thought nowadays this also works on a file on the system
partition. And then I suppose you can easily change the size if
you would insert more memory or if you think you don't need that
much swap space.
Edit: Here's how that can be done (starting from linux
2.6 kernel).
source
Make a bootable usb to install Windows XP from Linux
Have a look at UNetBootIn. This should do the trick.
source
Is it possible to speed up ./configure?
There are many types of ./configure scripts. There are popular
tools (autconf being one of them) to aide a developer in
creating a ./configure script, but there's no rule that says
every developer must use these tools, and then even among these
tools, there can be wide variations in the way these scripts are
constructed.
I'm not aware of any popular ./configure scripts that can be run
in parallel. Most of the scripts built by popular tools do at
least cache some or all of their results, so if you run it again
(without doing a 'make clean' first, anyway), it runs much faster
the second time.
That's not to say it couldn't be done... but I suspect there's
little motivation for the people working on autoconf, for
instance, to do that, since for most packages, the
configure phase is very quick relative to the actual compilation
and linking phases.
source
Where is a typical Linux program installed
-
Most programs follow the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (man
hier
): libraries go to /usr/lib
,
configuration files to /etc
, static data to
/usr/share
, and so on.
Some self-contained programs put all data in
/opt/<program>/
.
-
.deb
/.rpm
packages are not supposed
to be unpacked manually – they should be handled by the
apropriate program, dpkg
or rpm
.
If you have only the source code in a tarball, you must
extract it to a temporary location (somewhere to
/tmp
or $HOME
). The rest, including
installation is usually handled by the Makefile (by running
make install
); see FHS above.
source
How is install -c different from cp
The install
utility, at its base, is a fancy
cp
. But as a tool specifically do installs it
contains a few features that cp
doesn't. My
/usr/bin/install
from GNU coreutils not only copies,
but also can change perms/ownership as arg flags (saving
chgrp
, chown
, chmod
invocations) an option to strip debug info (saving a
strip
invocation) and also some mojo for SELinux
contexts.
It just provides convenience actions useful for software
installs. None are life changing, all are useful, and make your
scripts cleaner.
source
How can I install DropBox without root privileges?
You don't give your distribution, but since you aren't installing
as root it's probably not important. (The binaries are meant to
be installed system-wide, so unless you can convince your system
administrator to install the package, you'll need to compile and
install to your home directory.)
Essentially, Dropbox's Linux client is two parts: a daemon,
dropboxd
, that provides a "per-user closed-source
daemon process that makes sure your $HOME/Dropbox
directory is properly synchronized", and a client that connects
to the daemon and provides information. The binaries provided
supply a Nautilus plugin for Gnome, although there are also CLI
clients available.
You'll want to refer to Installing
to a Text-Based Linux Environment, which includes links to
the daemon binaries for 32-bit and 64-bit systems. If you don't
need the Nautilus plugin, make use of the official
Dropbox CLI script or a user-created
alternative CLI script.
If you really want the Nautilus plugin, you'll need to build it
from the
source package, and install it to your home directory.
Untar the source package:
tar xjf nautilus-dropbox-0.6.1.tar.bz2
cd nautilus-dropbox-0.6.1
Run the configure script; add the options you wnat, but you'll
need the --prefix=
option:
./configure --prefix=/home/<username>
If this fails, you'll probably need to grab headers for the
libraries needed to compile the program: GTK 2.12, GLib 2.13,
Nautilus 2.16, and Libnotify 0.4.4 (minimum versions; if you can
match up the version provided by your system, you can avoid the
actual compilation and just grab header files to install to your
own ~/include
directory).
Build and install the binaries; they should be installed to your
home directory (eg ~/bin
, ~/share
,
~/lib
, ~/man
, etc).
make
make install
Note this is the basic process, and you may need to work through
them a few times depending on what libraries and headers are
available on your system. All of these steps are possible without
root access, but you will have to modify any installations to
install them to your home directory instead of system locations
like /lib
or /usr
.
If you run into trouble, your best bet for finding help is the
Dropbox forums.
source
How do I install a .deb file in Ubuntu
dpkg -i [name of file].deb
You might need to add a sudo command in the front to
elevate the command to superuser level.
source
How to install VIM on Linux when I don't have root permissions?
make install DESTDIR=~/.local
, then make a symlink
in ~/bin
to ~/.local/bin/vim
.
source
How can I duplicate my Linux environment if I am migrating to different hardware?
You can backup your home, and restore it to the other machine.
This cannot fully fulfill your need, but it will restore all the
configuration. You have to reinstall the packages yourself,
though.
source
Install linux to USB flash drive - "normal" not "live"
absolutely. In most cases (depending on your linux of choice) you
can simply boot off of a live CD and do a full install directly
to your thumb-drive. You will probably be required to format your
pen-drive in ext2/3/4 prior to installing, but still should be
doable. The trick will be finding out if your bios will support
booting from the thumb-drive.
source
How to ReUse Ubuntu APT
Yes, you can do that. apt-get
will look at cache
folder first, and if the version of the package you wanna install
is the same with the cache version, apt-get
will use
the cache version without going to internet
source
Creating a Windows XP installation flash drive in linux
Since you already have a windows .iso, you may be able to make
use of a tool like UNetbootin to make a bootable usb drive from
the cd image.
source
Why do I need to explicitly specify the current directory with "./" when running "./configure"?
Only directories listed in $PATH
are searched for
commands to execute. The current directory is never included in
$PATH
as a security precaution, hence you have to
specify it explicitly.
description
This install
program copies files (often just compiled) into destination
locations you choose. If you want to download and install a
ready-to-use package on a GNU/Linux system, you
should instead be using a package manager like yum(1) or
apt-get(1).
In the first
three forms, copy SOURCE to DEST or multiple SOURCE(s) to
the existing DIRECTORY, while setting permission modes and
owner/group. In the 4th form, create all components of the
given DIRECTORY(ies).
Mandatory
arguments to long options are mandatory for short options
too.
--backup[=CONTROL]
make a backup of each existing
destination file
-b
like --backup but does not accept an
argument
-c
(ignored)
-C,
--compare
compare each pair of source and
destination files, and in some cases, do not modify the
destination at all
-d,
--directory
treat all arguments as
directory names; create all components of the specified
directories
-D
create all leading components of DEST except the last,
then copy SOURCE to DEST
-g,
--group=GROUP
set group ownership, instead of
process’ current group
-m,
--mode=MODE
set permission mode (as in
chmod), instead of rwxr-xr-x
-o,
--owner=OWNER
set ownership (super-user
only)
-p,
--preserve-timestamps
apply access/modification times
of SOURCE files to corresponding destination files
-s,
--strip
strip symbol tables
--strip-program=PROGRAM
program used to strip
binaries
-S,
--suffix=SUFFIX
override the usual backup
suffix
-t,
--target-directory=DIRECTORY
copy all SOURCE arguments into
DIRECTORY
-T,
--no-target-directory
treat DEST as a normal file
-v,
--verbose
print the name of each
directory as it is created
--preserve-context
preserve SELinux security
context
-Z,
--context=CONTEXT
set SELinux security context of
files and directories
--help
display this help and exit
--version
output version information and
exit
The backup
suffix is ’~’, unless set with
--suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX. The
version control method may be selected via the
--backup option or through the
VERSION_CONTROL environment variable. Here are the values:
none, off
never make backups (even if
--backup is given)
numbered, t
make numbered backups
existing, nil
numbered if numbered backups
exist, simple otherwise
simple, never
always make simple backups
copyright
Copyright © 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+:
GNU GPL version 3 or later
<http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute
it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
reporting bugs
Report install bugs to bug-coreutils[:at:]gnu[:dot:]org
GNU coreutils home page:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
General help using GNU software:
<http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>
Report install translation bugs to
<http://translationproject.org/team/>
see also
The full
documentation for install is maintained as a Texinfo
manual. If the info and install programs are
properly installed at your site, the command
info
coreutils 'install invocation'
should give you
access to the complete manual.
author
Written by
David MacKenzie.