cdrdao
reads and writes CDs in disc-at-once mode
see also :
cdrecord - cdparanoia - sox - ipcs - ipcrm
Synopsis
cdrdao
{show-toc|read-toc|read-cd|read-cddb|show-data|read-test|disk-info|msinfo|unlock|simulate|write|copy|blank}
[--device device] [--source-device
device] [--driver driver-id]
[--source-driver driver-id]
[--simulate] [--speed writing-speed]
[--blank-mode mode] [--datafile
file] [--read-raw] [--read-subchan
[--no-mode2-mixed] mode] [--tao-source]
[--tao-source-adjust link-blocks]
[--fast-toc] [--buffers buffer-count]
[--multi] [--overburn] [--eject]
[--swap] [--session] [--force]
[--reload] [--keepimage] [--on-the-fly]
[--paranoia-mode mode] [--with-cddb]
[--cddb-servers server-list]
[--cddb-timeout timeout]
[--cddb-directory directory] [--tmpdir
directory] [--keep] [--save]
[-n] [-v verbose-level] toc-file
add an example, a script, a trick and tips
examples
source
cdrdao read-cd --read-raw
--datafile $1.bin --device $2 --driver generic-mmc-raw $1.toc
source
source:
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/3865/info
CDRDAO is a freely available, open source CD recording software package available
for the Unix and Linux Operating Systems.
It is maintained by Andreas Mueller.
CDRDAO is a freely available, open source
CD recording software package available for the Unix and Linux Operating Systems. It is
maintained by Andreas Mueller.
When CDRDAO saves it's configuration to
the .cdrdao file in a user's home directory, the
file is saved with root ownership. Additionally, CDRDAO does not
check for the previous existence of this
file. Since the cdrdao executable is typically installed setuid
root, it is possible for a user to create
this file as a symbolic link, which could result in the
overwriting of root-owned files, or potentially allow the user
execute commands as root.
description
cdrdao
creates audio and data CD-Rs in disk-at-once (DAO) mode
driven by a description file called toc-file. In DAO
mode it is possible to create non standard track pre-gaps
that have other lengths than 2 seconds and contain nonzero
audio data. This is for example useful to divide live
recordings into tracks where 2 second gaps would be kind of
irritating.
Instead of a
toc-file a cue file (used by a famous DOS/Windows
mastering tool) may be used. See the CUE FILES section for
more details.
options
--device
[prot:]bus,id,lun
Sets the SCSI address of the
CD-recorder in form of a bus/id/lun triple, e.g.
’0,2,0’ for the logical unit 0 of SCSI device
with ID 2 on bus 0. ATAPI devices can be specified by using
the prefix ’ATAPI:’, e.g.
’ATAPI:0,0,0’. On some systems a device node may
be specified directly, e.g. ’/dev/sg0’ on Linux
systems. Linux 2.6 users may also try the newer ATAPI
interface with the ’ATA:’ prefix.
--source-device
[prot:]bus,id,lun
Like above but used for the
copy command to specify the source device.
--driver
driver-id:option-flags
Force usage of specified driver
instead of the automatically determined driver. Available
driver IDs:
cdd2600, plextor, plextor-scan, generic-mmc,
generic-mmc-raw, ricoh-mp6200, yamaha-cdr10x, teac-cdr55,
sony-cdu920, sony-cdu948, taiyo-yuden, toshiba.
Specifying an illegal driver ID will give a list of
available drivers. Option flags may be used to modify the
behavior of some drivers. See README for details.
--source-driver
driver-id:option-flags
Like above but used for the
device specified with option --source-device.
--speed
value
Set the writing speed to
value. Default is the highest possible speed.
--blank-mode
mode
Sets the blanking mode.
Available modes are full and minimal. Please
consider that the data of minimally blanked disks may be
easily recovered. Use the full blanking mode for
completely erasing all data. The default blanking mode is
minimal.
--datafile
file
Used for read-toc,
read-cd and copy. Set the default data file
placed in the toc-file by read-toc. Use "-"
to indicate STDIN. For commands read-cd and
copy it specifies the name of the created image
file.
--read-raw
Only used for commands
read-cd and read-toc. All data sectors will be
written as 2352 byte blocks including the sector header and
L-EC data to the image file. The track mode will be set to
MODE1_RAW or MODE2_RAW in the created toc-file.
--read-subchan
mode
Used by commands read-cd,
read-toc and copy. Specifies the type of
sub-channel data that is extracted from the source CD and
written to the track image or copied to the destination CD.
Mode may be rw for reading packed R-W sub-channel
data (de-interleaved and error corrected) and rw_raw
for reading raw R-W sub-channel data (not de-interleaved,
not error corrected, L-EC data included in the track image).
If this option is not specified no sub-channel data will be
extracted.
--no-mode2-mixed
Only used for commands
read-cd and read-toc. If we have MODE2_FORM1
or MODE2_FORM2, don’t extract it as MODE2_FORM_MIX.
toc-file.
--tao-source
This option indicates to the
commands read-toc and read-cd that the source
CD was written in TAO mode. It will be assumed that the
pre-gap length between all tracks (except between two audio
tracks) is the standard 150 blocks plus the number of link
blocks (usually 2). The number of link blocks can be
controlled with option --tao-source-adjust.
Use this option
only if read-toc or read-cd give error
messages in the transition areas between two tracks. If you
use this option with pressed CDs or CDs written in DAO mode
you will get wrong results.
--tao-source-adjust
link-blocks
Specifies the number of link
blocks for tracks written in TAO mode. This option has only
an effect if option --tao-source is given.
--fast-toc
Only used for command
read-toc. This option suppresses the pre-gap length
and index mark extraction which speeds up the read-toc
process. Standard 2 second pre-gaps (but no silence!) will
be placed into the toc-file. The resulting CD will sound
like the source CD. Only the CD player’s display will
behave slightly different in the transition area between two
tracks.
This option
might help, too, if read-toc fails with your drive
otherwise.
--buffers
buffer-count
Specifies the number of buffers
that are allocated to avoid buffer under runs. The minimal
buffer count is fixed to 10, default is 32 except on FreeBSD
systems, on which default is 20. Each buffer holds 1 second
of audio data so that dividing buffer-count by the
writing speed gives the maximum time for which reading of
audio data may be stalled.
--multi
If this option is given the
session will not be closed after the audio data is
successfully written. It is possible to append another
session on such disks, e.g. to create a CD-EXTRA.
--overburn
By default cdrdao will not
allow to write more data on a medium than specified by the
current medium. This option allows to ignore this
condition.
--eject
Eject the CD-R after writing or
write simulation.
--swap
Swap the byte order of all samples that are send to the
CD-recorder.
--session
session-nr
Used for read-toc and
read-cd to specify the session which should be
processed on multi session CDs.
--reload
Indicates that the tray may be
opened before writing without prompting the user to reset
the disk status after a simulation run.
--force
Forces the execution of an
operation that otherwise would not be performed.
--paranoia-mode
mode
Sets the correction mode for
digital audio extraction. 0: No checking, data is copied
directly from the drive. 1: Perform overlapped reading to
avoid jitter. 2: Like 1 but with additional checks of the
read audio data. 3: Like 2 but with additional scratch
detection and repair.
The extraction
speed reduces from 0 to 3.
Default is the
full paranoia mode (3).
--keepimage
If a CD is copied with command
copy this option will cause that the created image is
not removed after the copy process has finished.
--on-the-fly
Perform CD copy on the fly
without creating an image file.
--with-cddb
Enables the automatic fetching
of CDDB data for use as CD-TEXT data for commands copy,
read-toc and read-cd.
--cddb-servers
server-list
Sets space or ’,’
separated list of CDDB servers used for command
read-cddb or for commands where the
--with-cddb option is active. A server entry may have
the following forms:
<server>
Connect to <server>,
default cddbp port (888), use cddbp protocol.
<server>:<port>
Connect to <server>, port
<port>, use cddbp protocol.
<server>:<cgi-bin-path>
Connect to <server>,
default http port (80), use http protocol, url:
<cgi-bin-path>.
<server>:<port>:<cgi-bin-path>
Connect to <server>, port
<port>, use http protocol, url:
<cgi-bin-path>.
<server>:<port>:<cgi-bin-path>:<proxy-server>
Connect to
<proxy-server>, default http port (80), use http
protocol, url:
http://<server>:<port>/<cgi-bin-path>.
<server>:<port>:<cgi-bin-path>:<proxy-server>:<proxy-port>
Connect to
<proxy-server>, port <proxy-port>, use http
protocol, url:
http://<server>:<port>/<cgi-bin-path>.
The
<cgi-bin-path> is usually
"/~cddb/cddb.cgi".
All servers of
the server list will be tried in the given order until a
successful connection can be established. For http proxy
servers the first successful connected http proxy server
will be used independent of the ability to connect to the
target http server.
Example:
freedb.freedb.org:/~cddb/cddb.cgi
--cddb-timeout
timeout
Sets the timeout in seconds
used for connections to CDDB servers.
--cddb-directory
directory
Specifies the local CDDB
database directory where fetched CDDB records will be
stored. If this option is not given a fetched CDDB record
will not be stored locally.
--tmpdir
directory
Specifies the directory in
which to store temporary data files created from decoding
MP3 and Ogg Vorbis files. By default, "/tmp" is
used.
--keep
Upon exit from cdrdao, do not delete temporary WAV files
created from MP3 and Ogg Vorbis files.
--save
Saves some of the current options to the settings file
"$HOME/.cdrdao" and exit. See section
´SETTINGS´ for more details.
-n
Suppresses the 10 second pause before writing or
simulating.
-v
verbose-level
Sets verbose level. Levels >
2 are debug levels which produce a lot of output.
commands
The first argument must be one of the following commands:
show-toc
Print out a summary about what will be written to the CD-R.
read-toc
Analyze each track of the inserted CD and create a
toc-file that can be used to make a more or less exact
copy of the CD. This command does not read out the audio or data
tracks, use read-cd for this purpose.
You can specify a filename for the data file via the
--datafile option.
read-cd
Copies all tracks of the inserted CD to an image file and creates
a corresponding toc-file. The name of the image file
defaults to "data.bin" if no --datafile option is given.
read-cddb
Tries to retrieve title and artist data from a CDDB server for
the CD represented by the given toc-file. The retrieved data is
added as CD-TEXT data for language 0 to the toc-file. Existing
CD-TEXT data for language 0 will be overwritten.
show-data
Print out all samples that would be written to the CD-R. Each
line contains the sample number (starting at 0) and the decimal
sample value for the left and right channel. Useful to check if
the byte order of audio files is correct.
read-test
Check if all data can be read from the audio files that are
defined in the toc-file. This will also check the
communication with the slave process that is responsible for
writing the audio data to the CD-recorder. Mainly used for
testing.
disk-info
Shows information about the inserted CD-R. If the CD-R has an
open session it will also print the start of the last and current
session which is used by mkisofs to create an image for a second
or higher session.
msinfo
Shows information required for creating multi session disks with
mkisofs. The output is meant for processing by scripts.
unlock
Tries to unlock the recorder device after a failed write or
simulation run. If you cannot eject the CD after a cdrdao run try
this command.
blank
Blanks a CD-RW. The CD-RW is minimally blanked by default. Use
option --blank-mode to select another blanking mode.
Sometimes the blanking speed must be manually reduced for a
successful blanking operation. Use option --speed to
select another blanking speed.
simulate
Like write but laser stays cold. It is a shortcut for
write --simulate.
write
Write the CD-R according to the specifications in the
toc-file.
copy
Performs all steps to copy a CD. The device containing the source
CD must be specified with option --source-device and the
recorder device with option --device. If only a single
device is available the option --source-device must be
omitted and cdrdao will prompt to insert the CD-R after an image
of the source CD was created.
The image file with name "cddata<pid>.bin" will be created
in the current working directory if no --datafile option
is given. The created image will be removed after it has been
written.
If option --on-the-fly is given no image file is created
and the data will be directly piped from the reading device to
the CD recorder.
cue files
Cue files may be used wherever a toc-file is expected. The
corresponding bin file is not taken from the FILE statement of a
cue file but constructed from the cue file name by replacing
".cue" by ".bin". The cue file must have exactly one FILE
statement.
Currently, following track modes are supported: MODE1/2048,
MODE1/2352, MODE2/2336, MODE2/2352. The CATALOG, ISRC and POSTGAP
statements are parsed but not evaluated, yet.
settings
Some of the command line options can be stored as settings at
following locations. The files will be read on startup of
cdrdao in that order:
1. /etc/cdrdao.conf
2. /etc/defaults/cdrdao
3. /etc/default/cdrdao
4. $HOME/.cdrdao
Command line options will overwrite the loaded settings. The
settings file contains name - value pairs separated by a colon.
String values must be enclosed by ". The file is automatically
written if the command line option --save is used but it
is also possible to modify it manually. Following values are
defined:
write_device
Device used for operations simulate, write, copy, blank,
disk-info and unlock. Corresponding option:
--device
write_driver
Driver (including driver options) that is used for operations
simulate, write, copy, blank, disk-info and unlock.
Corresponding option: --driver
write_speed
Specifies writing speed. Corresponding option: --speed
write_buffers
Specifies fifo buffers used for recording. Corresponding option:
--buffers
read_device
Device used for operations read-toc, read-cd and
copy. Corresponding option: --device or
--source-device
read_driver
Driver (including driver options) used for operations
read-toc, read-cd and copy. Corresponding option:
--driver or --source-driver
read_paranoia_mode
Paranoia mode used for operations read-cd and copy.
Corresponding option: --paranoia-mode
cddb_server_list
CDDB server list for read-cddb. Corresponding option:
--cddb-servers
cddb_timeout
CDDB connection timeout in seconds used by read-cddb.
Corresponding option: --cddb-timeout
cddb_directory
Local directory where fetched CDDB records will be stored, used
by read-cddb. Corresponding option:
--cddb-directory
tmp_file_dir
Directory where temporary WAV files will be created from decoding
MP3 and Ogg Vorbis files. Corresponding option: --tmpdir
toc files
The toc-file describes what data is written to the CD-R
and allows control over track/index positions, pre-gaps and
sub-channel information. It is a simple text file, use your
favorite text editor to create it.
A toc-file contains an optional header and a sequence of
track specifications. Comments starting with ’//’ reaching until
end of line can be placed anywhere.
Header
CATALOG "ddddddddddddd"
Specifies the optional catalog number of the CD. The string must
contain exactly 13 digits.
The following flags specify the type of session that will be
created. It is used to create the correct CD-TOC format and to
check the consistency of the track modes for the desired session
type. If multiple flags are given the last one will take effect.
CD_DA
The disc contains only audio tracks.
CD_ROM
The disc contains just mode 1 tracks or mode 1 and audio tracks
(mixed mode CD).
CD_ROM_XA
The disc contains mode 2 form 1 or mode 2 form 2 tracks. Audio
tracks are allowed, too. This type must be used if multi session
disks are created (option --multi).
CD_TEXT { ... }
Defines global CD-TEXT data like the album title and the used
languages. See the CD-TEXT section below for the syntax of the
CD-TEXT block contents.
Track Specification
TRACK <track-mode> [<sub-channel-mode>]
Starts a new track, the track number is incremented by 1. The
length of a track must be at least 4 seconds. The block length of
the input data depends on the <track-mode>: AUDIO: 2352
bytes (588 samples), MODE1: 2048 bytes, MODE1_RAW: 2352 bytes,
MODE2: 2336 bytes, MODE2_FORM1: 2048 bytes, MODE2_FORM2: 2324
bytes, MODE2_FORM_MIX: 2336 bytes including the sub-header,
MODE2_RAW: 2352 bytes. The <sub-channel-mode> is optional.
If given it specifies the type of sub-channel data for each
sector. RW: packed R-W sub-channel data (96 bytes, L-EC data will
be generated if required), RW_RAW: raw R-W sub-channel data
(interleaved and L-EC data already calculated, 96 bytes). The
block length is increased by the sub-channel data length if a
<sub-channel-mode> is specified. If the input data length
is not a multiple of the block length it will be padded with
zeros.
The following flags may follow the track start statement. They
are used to set sub-channel information for the current track.
Each flag is optional. If not given the following defaults are
used: copy not permitted, no pre emphasis, two channel audio, no
ISRC code.
[ NO ] COPY
Sets or clears the copy permitted flag.
[ NO ] PRE_EMPHASIS
Sets or clears the pre emphasis flag (only for audio tracks).
TWO_CHANNEL_AUDIO
Indicates that track contains two channel audio data (only for
audio tracks).
FOUR_CHANNEL_AUDIO
Indicates that track contains four channel audio data (only for
audio tracks).
ISRC "CCOOOYYSSSSS"
Sets ISRC code of track (only for audio tracks).
C: country code (upper case letters or digits)
O: owner code (upper case letters or digits)
Y: year (digits)
S: serial number (digits)
An optional CD-TEXT block that defines the CD-TEXT data for this
track may follow. See the CD-TEXT section below for the syntax of
the CD-TEXT block contents.
CD_TEXT { ... }
At least one of the following statements must appear to specify
the data for the current track. Lengths and start positions may
be expressed in samples (1/44100 seconds) for audio tracks or in
bytes for data tracks. It is also possible to give the length in
blocks with the MSF format ’MM:SS:FF’ specifying minutes, seconds
and frames (0 <= ’FF’ < 75) . A frame equals one block.
If more than one statement is used the track will be composed by
concatenating the data in the specified order.
SILENCE <length>
Adds zero audio data of specified length to the current audio
track. Useful to create silent pre-gaps.
ZERO <length>
Adds zero data to data tracks. Must be used to define pre- or
post-gaps between tracks of different mode.
[ FILE | AUDIOFILE ] "<filename>" <start> [ <length> ]
Adds the audio data of specified file to the current audio track.
It is possible to select a portion of an audio file with
<start> and <length> which allows non destructive
cutting. The first sample of an audio file is addressed with
<start> = 0. If <length> is omitted or set to 0 all
audio data from <start> until the end of file is used.
Audio files may have raw or WAVE format with 16 bits per sample,
44.1 kHz sampling rate, stereo. Raw files must have the layout
’MSBLeft LSBLeft MSBRight LSBRight ...’ (big endian byte order).
WAVE files are expected to have little endian byte order. The
option --swap reverses the expected byte order for all raw and
WAVE files. Only filenames with a ".wav" ending are treated as
WAVE files, all other names are assumed to be raw audio files.
Use tools like sox(1) to convert other file formats to supported
formats.
Specifying a "-" as filename causes data to be read from STDIN.
Currently only raw files are supported from STDIN.
If you are unsure about the byte order of your audio files try
the command ’show-data’. If the byte order is correct you will
see a sequence of increasing or decreasing numbers for both
channels. Otherwise numbers are jumping between very high and low
values - high volume static.
DATAFILE "<filename>" [ <length> ]
Adds data from given file to the current data track. If
<length> is omitted the actual file length will be used.
FIFO "<fifo path>" <length>
Adds data from specified FIFO path to the current audio or data
track. <length> must specify the amount of data that will
be read from the FIFO. The value is always in terms of bytes
(scalar value) or in terms of the block length (MSF value).
START [ MM:SS:FF ]
Defines the length of the pre-gap (position where index switches
from 0 to 1). If the MSF value is omitted the current track
length is used. If the current track length is not a multiple of
the block length the pre-gap length will be rounded up to next
block boundary.
If no START statement is given the track will not have a pre-gap.
PREGAP MM:SS:FF
This is an alternate way to specify a pre-gap with zero audio
data. It may appear before the first SILENCE, ZERO or FILE
statement. Either PREGAP or START can be used within a track
specification. It is equivalent to the sequence
SILENCE MM:SS:FF
START
for audio tracks or
ZERO MM:SS:FF
START
for data tracks.
Nothing prevents mixing ’DATAFILE’/’ZERO’ and
’AUDIOFILE’/’SILENCE’ statements within the same track. The
results, however, are undefined.
The end of a track specification may contain zero or more index
increment statements:
INDEX MM:SS:FF
Increments the index number at given position within the track.
The first statement will increment from 1 to 2. The position is
relative to the real track start, not counting an existing
pre-gap.
CD-TEXT Blocks
A CD-TEXT block may be placed in the global section to define
data valid for the whole CD and in each track specification of a
toc-file. The global section must define a language map
that is used to map a language-number to country codes. Up
to 8 different languages can be defined:
LANGUAGE_MAP { 0 : c1 1 : c2 ... 7 : c7 }
The country code may be an integer value in the range 0..255 or
one of the following countries (the corresponding integer value
is placed in braces behind the token): EN(9, English)
It is just necessary to define a mapping for the used languages.
If no mapping exists for a language-number the data for
this language will be ignored.
For each language a language block must exist that defines the
actual data for a certain language.
LANGUAGE language-number { cd-text-item cd-text-data
cd-text-item
cd-text-data ... }
Defines the CD-TEXT items for given language-number which
must be defined in the language map.
The cd-text-data may be either a string enclosed by " or
binary data like
{ 0, 10, 255, ... }
where each integer number must be in the range 0..255.
The cd-text-item may be one of the following:
TITLE
String data: Title of CD or track.
PERFORMER
String data.
SONGWRITER
String data.
COMPOSER
String data.
ARRANGER
String data.
MESSAGE
String data. Message to the user.
DISC_ID
String data: Should only appear in the global CD-TEXT block. The
format is usually: XY12345
GENRE
Mixture of binary data (genre code) and string data. Should only
appear in the global CD-TEXT block. Useful entries will be
created by gcdmaster.
TOC_INFO1
Binary data: Optional table of contents 1. Should only appear in
the global CD-TEXT block.
TOC_INFO2
Binary data: Optional table of contents 2. Should only appear in
the global CD-TEXT block.
UPC_EAN
String data: This item should only appear in the global CD-TEXT
block. Was always an empty string on the CD-TEXT CDs I had access
to.
ISRC
String data: ISRC code of track. The format is usually:
CC-OOO-YY-SSSSS
SIZE_INFO
Binary data: Contains summary about all CD-TEXT data and should
only appear in the global CD-TEXT block. The data will be
automatically (re)created when the CD-TEXT data is written.
If one of the CD-TEXT items TITLE, PERFORMER, SONGWRITER,
COMPOSER, ARRANGER, ISRC is defined for at least on track or in
the global section it must be defined for all tracks and in the
global section. If a DISC_ID item is defined in the global
section, an ISRC entry must be defined for each track.
Examples
Simple track without pre-gap with all audio data from WAVE file
"data.wav":
CD_DA
TRACK AUDIO
FILE "data.wav" 0
Standard track with two second pre-gap, ISRC code and CD-TEXT:
CD_DA
CD_TEXT {
LANGUAGE_MAP {
0 : EN
}
LANGUAGE 0 {
TITLE "CD Title"
PERFORMER "Performer"
DISC_ID "XY12345"
UPC_EAN ""
}
}
TRACK AUDIO
ISRC "DEXXX9800001"
CD_TEXT {
LANGUAGE 0 {
TITLE "Track Title"
PERFORMER "Performer"
ISRC "DE-XXX-98-00001"
}
}
PREGAP 0:2:0
FILE "data.wav" 0
Track with 10 second pre-gap containing audio data from raw file
"data.cdr":
CD_DA
TRACK AUDIO
FILE "data.cdr" 0
START 0:10:0
Composed track with data from different files. Pre-gap data and
length is taken from "pregapdata.wav". The first minute of
"track.cdr" is omitted and two seconds silence are inserted at
’2:0:0’. Index will be incremented after 2 and 4 minutes past
track start:
CD_DA
TRACK AUDIO
FILE "pregapdata.wav" 0
START
FILE "track.cdr" 1:0:0 1:0:0
SILENCE 0:2:0
FILE "track.cdr" 2:0:0
INDEX 2:0:0
INDEX 4:0:0
Mixed mode CD with a data track as first track followed by two
audio tracks.
CD_ROM
TRACK MODE1
DATAFILE "data_1"
ZERO 00:02:00 // post-gap
TRACK AUDIO
SILENCE 00:02:00 // pre-gap
START
FILE "data_2.wav" 0
TRACK AUDIO
FILE "data_3.wav" 0
bugs
If the program
is terminated during the write/simulation process used IPC
resources may not be released. Use ipcs(8) and ipcrm(8) to
delete them.
see also
gcdmaster,
cdrecord , cdda2wav,
cdparanoia , sox , ipcs ,
ipcrm
author
Andreas Mueller mueller[:at:]daneb.ping[:dot:]de [DEFUNCT]
Denis Leroy <denis[:at:]poolshark[:dot:]org>
Manuel Clos <llanero[:at:]users.sourceforge[:dot:]net>